![]() ![]() Of course, both the transmissions of data segments and ACK can fail. By employing the stop-and-wait protocol, the process occurs as depicted in the following image: So, let’s consider an entity that should send three data segments to another one. To do that, the sender waits for the acknowledgment message of the last sent data segment before sending a new one. The stop-and-wait uses the acknowledgment strategy to ensure the receiver has all the already sent segments. So, the sender only has the guarantee that a data segment reaches its destination after receiving an ACK message. This strategy is pretty simple: for each segment sent, the receiver (destination) sends an acknowledgment message, typically called ACK, to the sender (origin). The stop-and-wait mechanism employs a strategy to confirm the receiving of each sent data segment. ![]() It is the simplest protocol of a category called Automatic Repeat-Request (ARQ). ![]() As we studied in the previous section, connection-based transport protocols can use the stop-and-wait mechanism to manage transmission errors in communication. ![]()
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